一、一级记录 / 学术研究 / 数据库（证据等级最高）

  1. Holly Zhang & Ben Freeman, 《The Taiwan Lobby》, Center for International Policy (CIP), Foreign Influence Transparency Initiative (FITI), April 2021. — 本书量化骨架来源，逐条统计 2019 年全部台湾相关 FARA 申报。 https://mronline.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/3ba8a1_b42f98810cf54d5ba207b098c1dcdaef.pdf （全文存档：research/raw/web/zhang-freeman-2021-taiwan-lobby-CIP.txt）
  2. OpenSecrets — Foreign Lobby Watch, Taiwan (country 147). https://www.opensecrets.org/fara/countries/147 （2023–2025 逐家明细因反爬未取得，见附录 A）
  3. OpenSecrets — TSMC lobbying summary (D000067818). https://www.opensecrets.org/orgs/taiwan-semiconductor-manufacturing/summary?id=D000067818
  4. ProPublica Nonprofit Explorer — Global Taiwan Institute, IRS Form 990 (EIN 47-4583894). https://projects.propublica.org/nonprofits/organizations/474583894
  5. Quincy Institute, “Taiwan funding of think tanks: Omnipresent and rarely disclosed,” 2020/06/17. https://quincyinst.org/2020/06/17/taiwan-funding-of-think-tanks-omnipresent-and-rarely-disclosed/
  6. Congress.gov — H.R.2479, Taiwan Relations Act (96th Congress). https://www.congress.gov/bill/96th-congress/house-bill/2479
  7. Project MUSE / JHU Press, “Battle Without Gunfire: Taiwan and the PRC’s Lobbying Competition in the United States.” https://muse.jhu.edu/article/784940
  8. Cambridge University Press, China’s Dilemma, ch. “Lee’s US Visit and China’s Response.” https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/abs/chinas-dilemma/lees-us-visit-and-chinas-response/0C2D22BC77A5A9162C77D03D9B436869

二、调查报道 / 新闻

  1. Responsible Statecraft, “How the Taiwan lobby helped pave the way for Pelosi’s trip,” 2022/08/04. https://responsiblestatecraft.org/2022/08/04/how-the-taiwan-lobby-helped-pave-the-way-for-pelosis-trip/
  2. ProPublica, “Taiwan Drops Park Strategies in Wake of Ethics Probe.” https://www.propublica.org/article/taiwan-drops-park-strategies-in-wake-of-ethics-probe
  3. ProPublica, “Ethics Probe: Congressman’s Taiwan Trip Likely Broke the Law” (Bill Owens). https://www.propublica.org/article/ethics-probe-bill-owens-taiwan-trip-likely-broke-law
  4. CNN, “Bob Dole lobbied Donald Trump on Taiwan before phone call,” 2016/12/07. https://www.cnn.com/2016/12/07/politics/bob-dole-donald-trump-taiwan-lobbying/index.html
  5. Politico / Isaac Arnsdorf, “Dole Lobbied Trump’s Team on Taiwan for Months,” 2016/12/06.
  6. The Washington Post, “Lobbying: A New Front in China-Taiwan Conflict,” 1997/03/01. https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1997/03/01/lobbying-a-new-front-in-china-taiwan-conflict/
  7. The Washington Post, “Secret Taiwan Fund Sought Friends, Influence Abroad,” 2002/04/05. https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/2002/04/05/secret-taiwan-fund-sought-friends-influence-abroad/
  8. WBUR, “Taiwanese government paid thousands for New England lawmakers to visit,” 2025/11/17. https://www.wbur.org/news/2025/11/17/new-england-lawmakers-taiwan-trip
  9. OPB, “Oregon lawmakers’ overseas trips funded by lobby groups, Taiwanese government,” 2023/12/24.
  10. Sludge, “Pentagon’s Top Official For East Asia Led Think Tank Funded By Defense Contractors And Foreign Governments,” 2018/06/11.
  11. Taipei Times, “Bob Dole lobbied for Taiwan for six months: documents,” 2012/06/14.
  12. Taipei Times, “Liu Tai-ying released by court,” 2003/08/17. https://www.taipeitimes.com/News/taiwan/archives/2003/08/17/2003064069
  13. The Nation, “Taiwangate? Bush Appointees Linked to Secret Slush Funds.” https://www.thenation.com/article/archive/taiwangate-bush-appointees-linked-secret-slush-funds-update/
  14. PRovoke/PRWeek, “Weber Shandwick Unit Embroiled in Taiwan Controversy” (Cassidy / Powell Tate / $9.82M). https://www.provokemedia.com/latest/article/weber-shandwick-unit-embroiled-in-taiwan-controversy
  15. The American Prospect, “Taiwan Funding of Think Tanks: Omnipresent and Rarely Disclosed.” https://prospect.org/world/taiwan-funding-think-tanks-omnipresent-rarely-disclosed/
  16. Global Times, “Taiwan authorities paying US lobbyists to maintain ‘rock-solid’ ties,” 2022/06. （亲北京来源，仅用于交叉印证与降调处理）

三、军售 / 安全背景数据

  1. USTaiwanDefense, “Taiwan Arms Sales Notified to Congress 1990-2024.” https://www.ustaiwandefense.com/taiwan-arms-sales-notified-to-congress-1990-2024/
  2. Forum on the Arms Trade — US Arms Sales to Taiwan. https://www.forumarmstrade.org/ustaiwan.html
  3. Cato Institute, “Taiwan Arms Backlog, October 2024 Update.” https://www.cato.org/blog/taiwan-arms-backlog-october-2024-update-new-air-defense-sales-javelin-delivery
  4. Council on Foreign Relations, “U.S. Military Support for Taiwan in Five Charts.” https://www.cfr.org/articles/us-military-support-taiwan-five-charts

四、机构 / 官方 / 百科（起点与交叉）

  1. Wikipedia — China Lobby in the United States. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/China_Lobby
  2. Wikipedia — Formosan Association for Public Affairs (FAPA). https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Formosan_Association_for_Public_Affairs
  3. Wikipedia — Taipei Economic and Cultural Representative Office in the United States (TECRO). https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taipei_Economic_and_Cultural_Representative_Office_in_the_United_States
  4. Wikipedia — Congressional Taiwan Caucus / Senate Taiwan Caucus.
  5. Wikipedia — Taiwan Relations Act / Taiwan Travel Act.
  6. Wikipedia — Project 2049 Institute (Institute for Indo-Pacific Security).
  7. Wikipedia — Taiwan Foundation for Democracy (TFD).
  8. Brad Sherman 议员官网 — Congressional Taiwan Caucus（“largest CMO, 229 members”）. https://sherman.house.gov/taiwancaucus
  9. T.A. Archives 台美史料中心 — “FAPA established in Los Angeles, 02/1982.” https://taiwaneseamericanhistory.org/blog/formosan-association-for-public-affair-was-established-in-los-angeles-02-1982/
  10. FAPA History 1982–2012（蔡同荣创会会长；1994 护照出生地修正案）. https://fapa.org/fapa-history-1982-2012/
  11. Global Cooperation and Training Framework (GCTF). https://gctftw.org/en ；AIT GCTF page.
  12. US-Taiwan Business Council. https://www.us-taiwan.org/
  13. National Endowment for Democracy (NED) — Taiwan Foundation for Democracy. https://www.ned.org/taiwan-foundation-for-democracy-taipei/

五、本研究内部产物（落盘存档）

  • research/raw/web/zhang-freeman-2021-taiwan-lobby-CIP.txt — CIP《The Taiwan Lobby》报告全文
  • research/scan/evidence-ledger.md — 全部关键结论的证据分级表（C001–C029）
  • research/sources/web-references.md — 来源总表
  • research/raw/search-runs/2026-06-07.md — 检索日志
  • research/deep-dive/01-caucus-size.md — 国会台湾连线规模（229 vs 114–144）
  • research/deep-dive/02-fapa-founding.md — FAPA 成立地与成立细节
  • research/deep-dive/03-gti-revenue.md — GTI 逐年营收（IRS 990）
  • research/deep-dive/04-wapo-secret-fund.md — WaPo 2002 秘密基金还原
  • research/deep-dive/05-funding-channels-and-latest-fara.md — 资金渠道与最新 FARA
  • research/deep-dive/06-arms-sales-backbone.md — 美对台军售量级骨架

引用体例与证据分级说明见附录 A《方法论与证据声明》。